Bio6C: DNA changes and mutations (Ch. 6 - HOLT)
Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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In a
bacterium, cell division takes place when a. | its nucleus divides. | b. | the cell splits
into two cells, one of which receives all of the DNA. | c. | the DNA is
copied, a new cell wall forms between the DNA copies, and the cell splits into two
cells. | d. | None of the above | | |
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2.
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The
point at which two chromatids are attached to each other in a chromosome is called
a(n) a. | chloroplast. | c. | gamete. | b. | centromere. | d. | centriole. | | | | |
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3.
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Chromatids are a. | dense patches within the nucleus. | b. | bacterial
chromosomes. | c. | joined strands of duplicated genetic
material. | d. | prokaryotic nuclei. | | |
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4.
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The
chromosomes in your body a. | exist in 23 pairs in all cells but
gametes. | b. | each contain thousands of genes. | c. | form right
before cells divide. | d. | All of the above | | |
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5.
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In
order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by a. | breaking apart
into separate genes. | b. | extending to form very long, thin
molecules. | c. | wrapping tightly around associated
proteins. | d. | being enzymatically changed into a
protein. | | |
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6.
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Normal human males develop from fertilized eggs containing which of the following sex
chromosome combinations?
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7.
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Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code
for a. | different
traits. | c. | DNA. | b. | the same traits. | d. | cytosol. | | | | |
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8.
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In
humans, the male determines the sex of the child because males have a. | two X
chromosomes. | c. | two Y
chromosomes. | b. | one X and one Y chromosome. | d. | 46 chromosomes. | | | | |
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9.
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The X
and Y chromosomes are called the a. | extra chromosomes. | c. | sex chromosomes. | b. | phenotypes. | d. | All of the
above | | | | |
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10.
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female : XX :: a. | female : gametes | c. | male : YY | b. | female :
eggs | d. | male :
XY | | | | |
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11.
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The
diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. The number of chromosomes found in a human
ovum is
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12.
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Trisomy is a mutation that results in a cell having an extra a. | nitrogen
base. | c. | chromosome. | b. | codon. | d. | gene. | | | | |
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13.
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A
student can study a karyotype to learn about the a. | cell cycle. | b. | genes that are
present in a particular strand of DNA. | c. | medical history of an individual. | d. | number and
structure of the chromosomes in a somatic cell. | | |
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14.
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Cells
that are not dividing remain in the a. | mitosis phase. | c. | first growth phase. | b. | synthesis
phase. | d. | cytokinesis
phase. | | | | |
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15.
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The
first three phases of the cell cycle are collectively known as a. | cellular
respiration. | c. | mitosis. | b. | telophase. | d. | interphase. | | | | |
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16.
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metaphase : prophase :: a. | G1 : M | c. | M : C | b. | G2 :
S | d. | autotroph :
producer | | | | |
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17.
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At
the DNA synthesis (G2) checkpoint, DNA replication is checked by a. | receptor
proteins. | c. | repair
enzymes. | b. | electron transport chains. | d. | cell surface markers. | | | | |
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18.
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Normal cells become cancer cells when a. | regulation of
cell growth and division is lost. | b. | cells do not respond normally to control
mechanisms. | c. | cells continue to divide without passing through
G1. | d. | All of the
above | | |
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19.
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A
spindle fiber is a specialized form of a. | microtubule. | c. | cilium. | b. | flagellum. | d. | chromosome. | | | | |
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20.
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As a
result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the parent cell during
cytokinesis a. | receives a few
chromosomes from the parent cell. | b. | receives an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the
parent cell. | c. | donates a chromosome to the parent
cell. | d. | receives exactly half the chromosomes from the parent
cell. | | |
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21.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram
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22.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in a. | metaphase. | c. | anaphase. | b. | telophase. | d. | prophase. | | | | |
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23.
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5
steps: the cell cycle :: a. | 6 steps : prophase | c. | 3 steps : meiosis | b. | 9 steps :
cytokinesis | d. | 4 steps :
mitosis | | | | |
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24.
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In
plant cells, cytokinesis occurs a. | immediately after the chromosomes make exact copies of
themselves. | b. | immediately after the spindle fibers are
formed. | c. | as mitosis ends. | d. | when osmotic
pressure is too low. | | |
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25.
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Cytokinesis in plant cells involves the formation of a. | replicated
chromosomes. | c. | spindle
fibers. | b. | a cell plate. | d. | centrioles. | | | | |
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