Bio6C: DNA changes and mutations (Ch. 6 - HOLT)
Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Binary fission a. | occurs when two cells collide with each
other. | b. | produces excess energy. | c. | creates new
species. | d. | is the process by which bacteria
reproduce. | | |
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2.
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In a
bacterium, cell division takes place when a. | its nucleus divides. | b. | the cell splits
into two cells, one of which receives all of the DNA. | c. | the DNA is
copied, a new cell wall forms between the DNA copies, and the cell splits into two
cells. | d. | None of the above | | |
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3.
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The
point at which two chromatids are attached to each other in a chromosome is called
a(n) a. | chloroplast. | c. | gamete. | b. | centromere. | d. | centriole. | | | | |
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4.
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Chromatids are a. | dense patches within the nucleus. | b. | bacterial
chromosomes. | c. | joined strands of duplicated genetic
material. | d. | prokaryotic nuclei. | | |
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5.
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In
order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by a. | breaking apart
into separate genes. | b. | extending to form very long, thin
molecules. | c. | wrapping tightly around associated
proteins. | d. | being enzymatically changed into a
protein. | | |
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6.
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When
a molecule of DNA is being used to direct a cell’s activities, a. | areas containing
specific active genes are extended. | b. | the areas of the molecule containing active genes become
shorter. | c. | the entire DNA molecule becomes tightly
coiled. | d. | the molecule becomes a rod-shaped structure with two
chromatids. | | |
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7.
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Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code
for a. | different
traits. | c. | DNA. | b. | the same traits. | d. | cytosol. | | | | |
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8.
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In
humans, gametes contain a. | 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome. | b. | 1 autosome and
22 sex chromosomes. | c. | 45 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome. | d. | 1 autosome and
45 sex chromosomes. | | |
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9.
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In
humans, the male determines the sex of the child because males have a. | two X
chromosomes. | c. | two Y
chromosomes. | b. | one X and one Y chromosome. | d. | 46 chromosomes. | | | | |
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10.
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How
many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of
8?
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11.
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If
nondisjunction occurs, a. | there will be too many gametes
produced. | b. | no gametes will be produced. | c. | a gamete will
receive too many or too few homologues of a chromosome. | d. | mitosis cannot
take place. | | |
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12.
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Trisomy is a mutation that results in a cell having an extra a. | nitrogen
base. | c. | chromosome. | b. | codon. | d. | gene. | | | | |
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13.
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The
stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell’s life is
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14.
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The
first three phases of the cell cycle are collectively known as a. | cellular
respiration. | c. | mitosis. | b. | telophase. | d. | interphase. | | | | |
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15.
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cell
growth : G1 :: a. | mitosis : C | c. | mitochondria replication : S | b. | mitosis :
meiosis | d. | DNA copying :
S | | | | |
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16.
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metaphase : prophase :: a. | G1 : M | c. | M : C | b. | G2 :
S | d. | autotroph :
producer | | | | |
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17.
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Normal cells become cancer cells when a. | regulation of
cell growth and division is lost. | b. | cells do not respond normally to control
mechanisms. | c. | cells continue to divide without passing through
G1. | d. | All of the
above | | |
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18.
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The
phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the
cell is called a. | telophase. | c. | anaphase. | b. | metaphase. | d. | prophase. | | | | |
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19.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The cell in diagram 1 is in a. | metaphase. | c. | anaphase. | b. | telophase. | d. | prophase. | | | | |
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20.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram
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21.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in a. | metaphase. | c. | anaphase. | b. | telophase. | d. | prophase. | | | | |
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22.
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Mitosis is a process by which a. | DNA is replicated. | c. | cells grow in size. | b. | cytokinesis
occurs. | d. | a cell’s
nucleus divides. | | | | |
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23.
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Refer
to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide?
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24.
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In
plant cells, cytokinesis occurs a. | immediately after the chromosomes make exact copies of
themselves. | b. | immediately after the spindle fibers are
formed. | c. | as mitosis ends. | d. | when osmotic
pressure is too low. | | |
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25.
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Which
of the following statements is true? a. | Prokaryotes divide by mitosis. | b. | Eukaryotes have
circular chromosomes. | c. | Animal cells form new cell walls when they
divide. | d. | Plant cells and animal cells have different strategies for
cytokinesis. | | |
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